In today's interconnected world, cybersecurity has become a crucial element of our everyday lives, yet many people still overlook its importance. While the media tends to focus on high-profile breaches affecting large corporations and government entities, the reality is that everyone is vulnerable to cyber threats. Whether you're a general internet user, small business owner, parent, or student, the need for robust online protection is universal.
The growing digitization of our daily activities—shopping, banking, social media interaction, and even healthcare—has made individuals prime targets for cybercriminals. Hackers are no longer just after corporate secrets; they want access to personal data, financial information, and even your identity. As we continue to integrate technology into every aspect of our lives, we inadvertently increase our exposure to digital threats. And while big businesses might have entire departments dedicated to online security, most individuals and small businesses are left trying to navigate this complex landscape with minimal resources and knowledge.
What’s seldom discussed is the cumulative effect of poor cybersecurity hygiene on a global scale. While a single person falling victim to phishing might seem insignificant, multiply that by millions of daily internet users, and the cost of negligence becomes astronomical. This isn't just about personal loss—weak links in the global digital chain can have far-reaching consequences. For instance, compromised individual devices can be used in larger-scale attacks like Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), where hackers use infected machines to take down websites, services, or even entire networks.
This blog post aims to shed light on the often overlooked aspects of cybersecurity. It isn’t just about technical jargon or fearmongering—it's about empowering everyone to take control of their digital safety. Regardless of your technical know-how, understanding the importance of cybersecurity is the first step toward protecting yourself and others. Everyone has a role to play in ensuring a safer digital environment.
What is Cybersecurity?
Cybersecurity, at its core, is the practice of protecting digital systems, networks, and data from malicious attacks. It’s often perceived as a technical issue best left to IT experts or big corporations, but in reality, cybersecurity is essential for everyone who interacts with the digital world. The aim of cybersecurity is to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information—whether that’s your personal bank details or a company’s proprietary data. But what’s often overlooked is how deep cybersecurity penetrates into the everyday lives of individuals and small businesses, far beyond the technical jargon.
At its heart, cybersecurity isn't just about technology. It’s about human behaviour and awareness. One of the biggest misconceptions is that cyberattacks are purely technological problems, solvable by installing antivirus software or creating strong passwords. While these tools are crucial, they are only a small part of the equation. The human element—decisions we make every day when browsing the web, checking emails, or using mobile apps—plays an even larger role. Phishing attacks, for example, prey on human psychology, luring people into clicking malicious links or divulging sensitive information. This means that, regardless of how advanced our security technology becomes, awareness and behaviour are critical.
One concept rarely discussed in cybersecurity conversations is cyber hygiene—the small, habitual practices that collectively protect our digital lives. Just like brushing your teeth prevents cavities, practicing good cyber hygiene can prevent major security incidents. These habits include regularly updating software, recognizing phishing attempts, using unique passwords, and even reviewing the permissions given to apps on your phone. The challenge here is consistency: bad habits are hard to break, and many individuals and small businesses often underestimate the cumulative effect of neglecting these simple practices.
Another often neglected aspect is the shared responsibility of cybersecurity. Too often, people believe that online safety is solely the responsibility of tech companies, internet service providers, or the government. In reality, each user—whether they’re an employee at a business, a parent at home, or a student using school resources—has a role to play in keeping their digital environment safe. Weak points in individual security can have ripple effects. For example, a compromised home device can be exploited to gain access to a broader network, which can be leveraged for larger-scale cyber attacks like Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).
Cybersecurity, therefore, isn’t just about protecting against a single hacker or isolated data breach. It’s about safeguarding the interconnected systems we rely on every day. From protecting sensitive financial information during an online purchase to ensuring that private communications remain private, cybersecurity impacts every facet of modern life. And while it’s often considered a complex, technical field, understanding the basics of cybersecurity can empower anyone—regardless of technical knowledge—to protect themselves and contribute to a safer digital world.
Why Cybersecurity is Important for Everyone
In an age where our lives are increasingly digitized, cybersecurity is no longer just a concern for IT professionals or large corporations. It’s something that affects everyone who connects to the internet. Whether you’re casually browsing social media, conducting online banking transactions, or running a small business, cybersecurity is an essential part of your online safety. The pervasive and growing threat of cyberattacks makes it clear that no one is immune to online vulnerabilities.
The Pervasive Nature of Cyber Threats
The first reason cybersecurity is important for everyone is due to the widespread nature of cyber threats. Hackers don’t just target large organisations; they also go after individuals, families, and small businesses. In fact, individuals are often seen as soft targets because they generally lack the extensive security measures that larger entities have in place.
According to a study by Symantec, more than half of cyberattacks are aimed at small businesses. Individuals are frequently targeted for phishing attacks, identity theft, and ransomware, which can lead to significant financial and emotional damage. Many of these attacks exploit the lack of awareness about cybersecurity basics, such as recognizing phishing attempts or understanding the importance of secure passwords .
Everyday Activities Increasing Vulnerability
Another reason cybersecurity is vital is that so much of our daily activities now occur online, amplifying our vulnerability. From shopping and banking to socialising and working, our personal and professional lives are interwoven with the internet. This constant interaction with digital platforms creates multiple points of entry for cybercriminals. Each time you enter personal information, connect to public Wi-Fi, or install a new app, there’s an opportunity for data to be stolen or manipulated.
Cyberattacks don’t just happen to careless internet users; they can affect anyone. Even if you think you're cautious online, vulnerabilities can exist in the platforms you use. For instance, large companies, despite having robust security protocols, can still suffer breaches that expose the personal information of millions. So, it's not only about how careful you are—sometimes, the security measures of others come into play.
Personal Data: A Valuable Commodity
One reason cybercriminals are so interested in targeting everyday internet users is because personal data is an incredibly valuable commodity. Whether it’s your Social Security number, bank account details, or even your email login, this information can be sold on the dark web or used for nefarious purposes, such as identity theft.
The average person might not realise the full extent of how much personal data they generate daily. However, everything from your online shopping habits to the types of websites you visit creates a data trail. This trail can be exploited if it falls into the wrong hands. Without proper security measures, your data could be stolen and used to open credit card accounts, apply for loans, or even commit crimes in your name .
Financial Consequences of Cyber Attacks
The financial toll of cyberattacks can be devastating, especially for individuals and small businesses. Ransomware, for example, can lock you out of your own devices or files until you pay a hefty sum, sometimes amounting to thousands of dollars. If you run a small business, a data breach could lead to massive legal fees, loss of customer trust, and even closure. These financial consequences aren’t something that can be easily brushed off.
Even simple cyber incidents like phishing attacks can lead to compromised bank accounts or fraudulent charges. Many individuals don’t realise the cost of recovery from a cyberattack until it’s too late. This is why it’s important to be proactive in your online security—by the time you realise you’ve been hit, the damage may already be done .
The Ripple Effect: Weak Links Impacting Others
It’s often overlooked how poor cybersecurity habits can impact others. In an interconnected digital world, your lack of security can become someone else’s problem. For instance, if your device is compromised, it could be used to launch larger attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which overwhelm networks and cause widespread disruption.
A compromised device could also become part of a botnet—a network of infected devices used to carry out automated cyberattacks. This ripple effect underscores the importance of cybersecurity as a collective responsibility. When you fail to secure your own digital environment, you’re not just putting yourself at risk—you’re potentially contributing to broader issues that can impact entire communities or even global networks.
Practical Cybersecurity Measures Everyone Should Take
Fortunately, cybersecurity doesn’t have to be overwhelming. There are simple yet effective steps everyone can take to protect themselves and contribute to a safer digital environment:
Use Strong, Unique Passwords:
Create passwords that are long, complex, and unique for each account. This ensures that even if one account is compromised, others remain secure.
Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA):
MFA adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second form of identification, such as a text message code or fingerprint scan.
Keep Software Updated:
Regularly updating your operating systems, apps, and antivirus software can help patch security vulnerabilities that hackers exploit.
Be Cautious with Emails and Links:
Phishing attacks are common, so it’s important to be sceptical of unsolicited emails or messages asking for personal information or urging you to click on a link.
Backup Your Data:
Regular backups ensure that even if your system is compromised, you can recover your important files without paying a ransom .
Raising Awareness and Taking Action
At the end of the day, cybersecurity is about awareness and action. Everyone—no matter their technical expertise—can contribute to a safer internet by being informed and proactive about their digital security. By practising good cyber hygiene and understanding the risks, individuals can prevent the majority of common cyberattacks.
The importance of cybersecurity extends far beyond the tech world. It’s an essential skill set for living in the modern era, affecting every person who interacts with the digital realm. The more we educate ourselves and adopt simple security measures, the safer the digital world will be for everyone.
For more in-depth insights on cybersecurity, you can explore this tutorial on what cybersecurity is or learn about the best cybersecurity measures to adopt. Additionally, check out these critical cybersecurity measures for protecting your online life to stay ahead of evolving threats.
How Cybersecurity Impacts Daily Life
Cybersecurity plays an increasingly prominent role in our daily routines, whether we realize it or not. From online banking to social media, and even in how we communicate with friends and colleagues, every online interaction has some level of risk. While it’s easy to take for granted the seamless experience of using the internet, it's critical to understand that cybersecurity safeguards are what keep our digital lives running smoothly and securely.
Here’s a closer look at how cybersecurity impacts different aspects of our daily lives:
1. Online Banking and Financial Transactions
Banking is one of the most sensitive areas impacted by cybersecurity. Most of us rely on online banking to check balances, transfer money, or pay bills. Without proper cybersecurity measures in place, your financial information—such as bank account numbers, credit card details, and transaction histories—could be exposed to hackers.
Cybersecurity helps secure:
Strong encryption protects your username and password from being intercepted.
Two-factor authentication (2FA):
Adds an extra layer of security, ensuring only you can access your financial accounts.
Cybersecurity tools monitor for unusual activity, alerting you if anything suspicious occurs.
Even the smallest security lapse could lead to devastating consequences, like unauthorised withdrawals or identity theft. That’s why financial institutions invest heavily in cybersecurity to protect users' money and sensitive data.
2. Personal Data and Privacy
Each time you browse the internet, interact on social media, or use a smartphone app, you leave behind a trail of personal data. This data—whether it’s your search history, purchase habits, or location information—can be tracked, collected, and sometimes exploited by cybercriminals.
Without cybersecurity measures like encryption and privacy controls, the following personal data could be at risk:
Your home address and contact details
Credit card numbers and other payment info
Social media profiles and communication records
Imagine your home address being used for fraudulent activities, or your photos being misused online. Cybersecurity tools like VPNs (Virtual Private Networks), strong passwords, and secure browsing habits protect your personal information from falling into the wrong hands.
3. Work-from-Home and Remote Communication
With remote work becoming more common, cybersecurity has a direct impact on our professional lives as well. When working from home, you’re more likely to use your own devices and internet connection, which may not have the same security standards as corporate networks.
Here’s how cybersecurity affects remote work:
Employees must follow cybersecurity guidelines, such as using encrypted communications or VPNs to protect sensitive business information.
Avoiding phishing attacks:
Cybercriminals may try to exploit remote workers through fake emails or malicious links, aiming to gain access to company systems.
Apps like Slack, Zoom, and Google Drive are essential for remote teams. Cybersecurity ensures these platforms are secure and free from vulnerabilities that could expose company files or discussions.
Remote work demands more vigilance in terms of cybersecurity because home networks are often easier to penetrate than well-fortified office environments.
4. Social Media Interactions
For many, social media has become an integral part of daily life. Whether you're posting updates, sharing photos, or communicating with friends, cybersecurity plays a vital role in protecting your online identity. Social media platforms are often targeted by cybercriminals looking to steal data or impersonate users for fraudulent activities.
The importance of cybersecurity in social media includes:
Preventing unauthorised account access:
Strong passwords and 2FA help protect your accounts from being hijacked.
Guarding against phishing:
Hackers often send fake messages or links pretending to be from someone you know, luring you into giving away sensitive information.
Without security, your personal photos, videos, and messages could be stolen, altered, or used without your consent.
5. Smart Home Devices and IoT (Internet of Things)
Our daily lives now also include interacting with smart devices—like thermostats, cameras, and even refrigerators—that are connected to the internet. While these devices offer convenience, they also introduce new cybersecurity risks. Hackers could exploit vulnerabilities in these devices to gain access to your home network, spy on your activities, or even take control of your smart devices.
Here's how cybersecurity helps secure smart homes:
Secure device connections:
Encryption and secure Wi-Fi protocols keep your devices from being easily accessed by unauthorised users.
Regular software updates:
Many smart devices require firmware updates to patch vulnerabilities that hackers could exploit.
Cybersecurity practices, like using a separate Wi-Fi network for your IoT devices, can limit access points for hackers.
As our homes become smarter and more connected, cybersecurity measures will play an increasingly important role in maintaining our privacy and safety.
Cybersecurity for Families and Parents
In today's digital world, families are more connected than ever before. From young children playing games on tablets to teenagers engaging on social media, parents must be aware of the risks that come with this increased online presence. Cybersecurity for families isn't just about protecting devices; it's about safeguarding the privacy, well-being, and security of every family member.
Here are a few unique considerations for families that aren't often discussed:
1. Building a Digital Literacy Culture at Home
Most discussions about cybersecurity for families focus on setting up parental controls or restricting access to certain websites. However, one of the most important steps in protecting a family online is fostering digital literacy. Instead of just blocking risky sites, parents can educate children about why certain sites or apps are dangerous. By doing so, they empower children to make informed decisions when they’re online.
Teaching children about:
Even seemingly innocent games or apps might ask for personal information. Children should understand how to spot these attempts.
Open discussions about how to recognize and respond to cyberbullying can prevent emotional harm.
Show your kids how to adjust privacy settings on social media, helping them understand the importance of limiting what they share.
Building digital literacy helps children navigate the internet responsibly, turning them into active participants in their own online safety rather than passive users relying solely on parental controls.
2. Device Security and Shared Technology
In many families, devices are shared between parents and children. This introduces unique cybersecurity challenges. For instance, a child might accidentally download malware while using a parent's phone or laptop for entertainment. Parents should ensure their devices have proper security software and that accounts with sensitive data are password-protected.
Some overlooked yet crucial steps include:
Creating different user profiles for parents and children on shared devices limits the child’s access to sensitive information.
Reviewing and managing app permissions ensures that children aren’t inadvertently granting excessive access to apps that don’t need it.
3. Protecting the Family’s Digital Footprint
Many parents post about their children on social media, but few consider the long-term consequences of sharing personal information online. Photos, birthdays, and even school information can be collected by malicious actors for future use. Parents should limit what they post about their children, as a child’s digital footprint is something they may have to manage for the rest of their lives.
Key tips include:
Avoid posting real-time locations or details about daily routines.
Prevent others from tagging your children in posts without consent.
Cybersecurity for families is a shared responsibility. Parents must take proactive measures not only to protect their devices but also to educate their children about the risks and responsibilities of online life. By building a digital safety culture at home, securing shared devices, and protecting the family's digital footprint, parents can help ensure their family’s online experiences are safe and positive.
Cybersecurity for Students and Educators
As education becomes increasingly digitised, the need for strong cybersecurity measures within the learning environment has never been more important. With students using laptops, tablets, and cloud-based tools daily, and educators managing sensitive student data, the stakes are high. However, the cybersecurity concerns facing students and educators extend beyond traditional device protection and data privacy—they influence how we approach learning itself.
Here are some often overlooked, yet critical aspects of cybersecurity in education:
1. Cybersecurity in Virtual Learning Environments
The shift to online learning, accelerated by the global pandemic, introduced millions of students and educators to digital classrooms. This shift has made educational institutions prime targets for cyberattacks. Schools often have fewer resources to dedicate to cybersecurity, making them vulnerable to attacks like ransomware and phishing, which can disrupt the entire educational process.
Unique cybersecurity risks for virtual learning include:
Zoombombing and Unsecure Video Conferencing:
The sudden rise of video conferencing tools has made classrooms susceptible to unwanted intrusions. Unsecured meetings can be hijacked, exposing students to inappropriate content.
Sensitive information, including student records, grades, and personal identification data, is often stored on school servers or cloud platforms. Without the proper encryption and security protocols, this data is at risk.
For students and educators, using platforms with built-in security features and requiring passwords or authentication to access virtual classrooms can drastically reduce exposure to cyber risks.
2. Digital Hygiene and Accountability in the Classroom
While much of the conversation revolves around protecting institutional networks, cybersecurity within education also requires good digital hygiene. Students, often unaware of online risks, can unknowingly open up vulnerabilities through poor habits, such as clicking on suspicious links or using weak passwords. Educators have the responsibility to teach and enforce digital accountability in classrooms, especially in a world where everything from homework assignments to communication happens online.
Key measures include:
Schools should teach students the importance of strong, unique passwords and encourage them to regularly update login credentials.
Recognizing Phishing Scams:
Many phishing attacks in schools target both students and teachers. It’s crucial to create awareness of how these scams work and how to avoid falling victim.
Avoiding Unauthorised Software:
Students often download unauthorised software or visit unsafe websites, putting their devices at risk. Educators can mitigate this risk by guiding students on what platforms and tools are safe to use.
3. The Role of Cybersecurity Education
Perhaps the most neglected but essential aspect of cybersecurity in education is the teaching of cybersecurity skills themselves. The growing need for digital literacy includes a focus on how to protect oneself in the online world. Schools have a unique opportunity to introduce cybersecurity concepts early, preparing students for a future where these skills will be indispensable.
By integrating cybersecurity education into curriculums, schools can empower the next generation to:
Identify and prevent cyber threats:
Students will not only learn about risks but also develop the skills to address and prevent them.
Understand the ethical implications of technology:
As students become more proficient in the digital space, it’s critical they also understand the ethical side of cybersecurity—respecting privacy, using data responsibly, and not engaging in hacking activities.
The Financial Impact of Cyber Attacks
The financial ramifications of cyberattacks extend far beyond the immediate costs associated with recovery and damage control. While many people understand that a cyberattack can lead to direct financial losses, fewer consider the broader economic implications, especially for individuals, families, and small businesses. Understanding these consequences can help underscore why cybersecurity is essential for everyone.
1. Direct Financial Losses
Cyberattacks often result in immediate and quantifiable financial damage. For businesses, the costs can include:
Many companies find themselves at the mercy of ransomware attacks, where hackers demand payment to restore access to critical data. According to the FBI, the average ransom payment has surged in recent years, highlighting the dire financial stakes involved.
After a breach, organisations typically face substantial expenses related to data recovery, system repairs, and cybersecurity audits. These costs can quickly escalate, especially for small businesses that may lack the resources to effectively manage an incident.
For individuals, the direct financial impact can manifest through identity theft or fraud, where stolen personal information leads to unauthorised transactions or loans. The average financial loss from identity theft can exceed $1,000 per victim, not including the time and effort required to resolve such issues.
2. Loss of Business and Reputation
Cyberattacks can inflict lasting damage on a company’s reputation. Trust is a cornerstone of any successful business, and a data breach can erode that trust almost overnight. Customers who feel their personal information has been compromised may choose to take their business elsewhere. For small businesses, losing even a small percentage of customers can be devastating.
Additionally, companies that suffer a significant cyber incident may find it challenging to acquire new customers or retain existing ones. A 2019 study revealed that 60% of small businesses that experienced a cyberattack closed within six months. The long-term financial impact, therefore, includes lost revenue and market share, which can take years to recover.
3. Regulatory Fines and Legal Fees
Many industries are subject to strict regulations regarding data protection. When a cyberattack occurs, companies may face legal repercussions, including fines from regulatory bodies for failing to protect customer data. Legal battles can also emerge from lawsuits filed by affected customers or partners, adding another layer of financial strain.
For example, after the Equifax breach, the company faced over $700 million in settlements and fines. The financial burden associated with legal fees and settlements can be crippling, particularly for smaller organisations that lack the financial reserves to absorb such shocks.
4. The Ripple Effect on the Economy
Cyberattacks can also have a ripple effect on the broader economy. When companies face downtime due to an attack, it can lead to disruptions in supply chains and services, impacting not just the affected businesses but also their partners and clients. This can slow economic growth and diminish consumer confidence, ultimately leading to a less stable economy.
In summary, the financial impact of cyberattacks is multifaceted and can affect everyone, from individual users to large organizations. The long-term consequences often extend well beyond immediate recovery costs, encompassing reputational damage, regulatory fines, and broader economic effects. Understanding these financial implications emphasizes the critical need for robust cybersecurity practices, highlighting that investing in protection today can save significant costs tomorrow.
Best Cybersecurity Practices Everyone Should Follow
In our interconnected world, adopting effective cybersecurity practices is crucial for safeguarding personal and sensitive information. While many are aware of basic security measures, there are lesser-known yet essential practices that can significantly enhance protection against cyber threats. Here are some best cybersecurity practices that everyone should integrate into their daily routines:
1. Use a Password Manager
While it’s common advice to use strong, unique passwords for different accounts, remembering them can be a challenge. This is where a password manager comes in handy. These tools not only store and encrypt your passwords but also generate complex passwords that enhance security. A lesser-known benefit is that many password managers can alert you if any of your stored credentials are found in a data breach, allowing you to take swift action.
2. Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
While many are aware of MFA, fewer realise its profound impact on security. By requiring at least two forms of verification before granting access—such as a password and a text message code—you significantly reduce the risk of unauthorised access. MFA adds an additional layer of security that can thwart even experienced hackers, making it a must-have for all accounts, especially email and financial services.
3. Regularly Update Software and Devices
Keeping software up-to-date is often neglected, yet it is one of the simplest yet most effective security measures. Many software updates include patches that fix vulnerabilities hackers could exploit. Set your devices to automatically update whenever possible. Regularly check for updates for apps and systems that may not update automatically. This habit can prevent known exploits from being used against you.
4. Be Wary of Public Wi-Fi
Public Wi-Fi networks may be convenient, but they can pose significant risks. Cybercriminals often exploit these networks to intercept data. When using public Wi-Fi, consider employing a virtual private network (VPN) to encrypt your internet traffic, making it more difficult for hackers to gain access to your sensitive information.
5. Educate Yourself and Others
Cybersecurity isn’t solely about technology; it also involves awareness and education. Familiarise yourself with common cyber threats such as phishing, social engineering, and malware. Additionally, share this knowledge with family members, especially children and elderly relatives, who may be more susceptible to scams. Hosting a family meeting or creating a simple guide on recognizing suspicious emails can make a significant difference in your household’s security posture.
6. Back Up Your Data Regularly
Data loss can result from a cyberattack, hardware failure, or accidental deletion. Regularly backing up your important files to an external drive or cloud service can save you from losing precious data. Ensure backups are automated to eliminate the risk of forgetting to perform this crucial task. Many cloud services offer built-in backup solutions that make this process seamless.
7. Review Privacy Settings
Social media platforms and online services often come with a variety of privacy settings. Regularly reviewing and adjusting these settings can help control who sees your information and how much data you share. Be mindful of the information you post publicly and consider limiting your profile visibility to friends or specific audiences.
Implementing these cybersecurity practices can drastically reduce the risk of falling victim to cyber threats. By staying informed and proactive about security measures, everyone can contribute to a safer digital environment for themselves and their families. Remember, in cybersecurity, being proactive is always better than being reactive. Taking these steps today can protect you from potential risks tomorrow.
Conclusion
In an increasingly digital world, cybersecurity is no longer an optional consideration; it is a necessity that affects everyone—from individual internet users to small business owners and educators. As we have explored throughout this article, the importance of cybersecurity cannot be overstated. It serves as the first line of defence against a myriad of threats that can disrupt our daily lives, jeopardise our financial security, and compromise our personal information.
The measures we discussed—such as using strong passwords, enabling multi-factor authentication, and regularly updating software—are not just technical precautions; they are essential habits that everyone should adopt. Cybersecurity is a collective responsibility, and by being proactive, we not only protect ourselves but also contribute to a safer online community. It is crucial to foster a culture of awareness and education, ensuring that family members, friends, and colleagues are equipped to navigate the digital landscape safely.
As the renowned cybersecurity expert Bruce Schneier once said, “Security is not a product, but a process.” This quote encapsulates the essence of cybersecurity—it’s about continuous vigilance and adaptability in the face of evolving threats. Just as we routinely assess and manage other risks in our lives, such as health or financial security, we must do the same for our online presence.
Ultimately, the stakes are high, but so are the rewards. A robust cybersecurity posture allows us to enjoy the benefits of the internet with confidence, whether we are shopping online, conducting business, or sharing our lives on social media. By embracing these practices and fostering a commitment to security, we can protect our digital lives and create a safer environment for ourselves and future generations. Remember, cybersecurity is not just a technical issue; it is a fundamental aspect of our lives in the digital age. Let's make it a priority, together.