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A new study lays out a wide range of options available to cost-effectively eliminate greenhouse gas production from the energy system in the United States by 2050. The findings give policymakers and industry leaders valuable insights on how to chart a path forward to address climate change.

The paper, "Diverse Decarbonization Pathways Under Near Cost-Optimal Futures," is published in the open-access journal Nature Communications.

"There isn't just one way to cost-effectively decarbonize our energy system," says Jeremiah Johnson, co-author of the study and a professor of civil, construction and environmental engineering at North Carolina State University.

"In fact, we have many technologies to choose from. Our study helps people understand exactly what those options are, and how we may want to prioritize them."

"There are a range of models out there that are designed to find the least expensive path forward to decarbonize our energy system—essentially identifying the optimal approach to eliminating greenhouse gas production in everything from electric power production to transportation and industry," says Aditya Sinha, corresponding author of the study and a research scholar at NC State.

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