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Extension faculty at the University of Kentucky (UK) Martin-Gatton College of Agriculture, Food and Environment are advancing the fight against Fusarium head blight (FHB) in hemp. This disease, caused by multiple species of the Fusarium fungus, threatens hemp crops nationwide. As hemp becomes increasingly important for grain, fiber and cannabinoid production, effective disease management has never been more critical.

FHB leads to the death of plant tissues in hemp seed heads and floral structures, significantly impacting crop quality and yield. With hemp's expanded use—particularly in animal feed—UK's research is essential for ensuring product quality and safety.

While research is still in progress, the team has uncovered that the Fusarium species affecting hemp are the same as those causing head blight in wheat, barley and other cereal crops. This raises concerns about potential cross-infection between hemp and cereal crops in regions where both are grown.

"Our preliminary findings suggest that crop rotations involving hemp and wheat need to be reconsidered," said Nicole Gauthier, hemp extension plant pathologist and Department of Plant Pathology extension professor. Gauthier is also a member of the UK Hemp Research, Extension, and Education program and editor of the Compendium of Cannabis Diseases. "The risk of Fusarium spreading between these crops could impact both yields and quality."

The team has also documented early infections in hemp, with some occurring months before visible symptoms develop. This poses a challenge for farmers, as the disease can go undetected until significant damage has occurred.

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