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Nanoporous membranes with atomic-scale holes smaller than one-billionth of a meter have powerful potential for decontaminating polluted water, pulling valuable metal ions from the water, or for osmotic power generators.

But these exciting applications have been limited in part by the tedious process of tunneling individual sub-nanometer pores one by one.

"If we are to ever scale up 2D material membranes to be relevant for applications outside the laboratory, the 'one pore at a time' method just isn't feasible," said recent UChicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) Ph.D. graduate Eli Hoenig. "But, even within the confines of laboratory experiment, a nanoporous membrane provides significantly larger signals than a single pore, increasing the sensitivity."

Hoenig is first author of a paper recently published in Nature Communications that found a novel path around this longstanding problem. Under PME Asst. Prof. Chong Liu, the team created a new method of pore generation that builds materials with intentional weak spots, then applies a remote electric field to generate multiple nanoscale pores all at once.

"Our logic is that, if we can pre-design what the material looks like and design where the weak points are, then when we do the pore generation, the field will pick up those weaker points and start to drill holes there first," Liu said.

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